Chemical Bonding
Ionic, covalent and metallic bonds.
Bonding
How Ionic Bonds Form: Electron Transfer Explained
Ionic bonds form when metals hand electrons to nonmetals. Learn ionization energy, electron affinity, lattice energy and why salts are brittle.
BondingHow VSEPR Predicts Molecular Shape: A Practical Guide
VSEPR theory predicts molecular shape from electron pair repulsion. Learn steering numbers, lone pair effects and the bond angles for common molecules.